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Sulfonucleotide reductase
In biology, a sulfonucleotide reductase is actually a class of enzymes involved in reductive sulfur assimilation. This reaction consists of a conversion from activated sulfate to sulfite. (Inorganic sulfate occurs abundantly on Earth; terrestrial organisms must use sulfate assimilation to convert it to sulfide.) The sulfite is used in essential biomolecules such as cysteine. Sulfonucleotide reduction by adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate uses a mechanism of nucleophilic attack. Carroll ''et al.'', after studying that mechanism, suggested that sulfonucleotide reductases evolved from a common ancestor.
Further, Carroll, ''et al.'' found some key characteristics of adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate in ''M. tuberculosis''. For example, it's a monomer. Also, it does not possess an "intramolecular disulfide bond instead of an intermolecular disulfide bond." In addition, they proposed a role of the iron-sulfur cluster in adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate reduction.
==References==
* Carroll KS, Gao H, Chen H, Stout C, Leary JA, et al. (2005) A Conserved Mechanism for Sulfonucleotide Reduction. PLoS Biol 3(8): e250
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